Write the distractors from your own marking
A distractor invented on the way to the lesson diagnoses nothing. The useful wrong options are the mistakes last year's class actually made, written in the words they used, so the count against each one names the misconception.
Ask twice, with two minutes of arguing in between
When a diagnostic question splits the room, do not give the answer. Show the split, have them defend their choice to the person next to them, then run the same question again. The movement between the two charts is the evidence that the discussion worked.
Score the retrieval practice, leave the diagnosis unscored
Use the quiz type where you want effort and a bit of pace, and plain multiple choice where you want the truth. The moment an answer is marked right or wrong, some of the class starts guessing at your intent instead of reporting theirs.
Keep it out of the grade book
There is no sign-in, no name on an answer and nothing verifying who is holding the phone. That is deliberate, and it is exactly why students answer honestly — but it means these results are evidence about the class, never a record about a student.
Do something before the bell
A check that changes nothing in the next ten minutes trains the class to answer carelessly. Reteach the split, or say out loud what you are moving to next lesson because of it.